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[TheDreadPirate]

Is there any way to set up the same configuration on non docker versions like jellyfin-server_10.9.9+deb11_amd64.deb?

I answered your question already.

The non-Docker Jellyfin behaves the same as the Docker Jellyfin.  It will use 2x the number of available threads unless you limit it in Dashboard > General, "Parallel library scan tasks limit" and "Parallel image encoding limit".