Sorting

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Shows can be sorted by release date if the client supports sorting, but I don't believe it's as granular as episodes. On webOS (which mirrors the web client in most aspects) if I go to a TV library, I can go to Episodes at the top and sort by Premiere Date, which provides almost exactly what you're asking for, though it's a few extra clicks/taps/navigational impulses. Same goes with Movies libraries.

Now if you're asking about "Latest" areas on the client dashboards, those are simply what has been most recently added to the media server. There's no customization of sorting as far as I know. Even modifying file dates (creation, modified, etc...) would have no effect as far as I know. Several tools out there will change the file creation date to the release date of the film or episode, which is useful in some circumstances, but doesn't help here.