Yes and no. Yes, it would improve responsiveness on the remote side of the rclone setup as it optimizes caching. But this wouldn't overcome the limitations of your VPS.
Jellyfin 10.10.7 (Docker)
Ubuntu 24.04.2 LTS w/HWE
Intel i3 12100
Intel Arc A380
OS drive - SK Hynix P41 1TB
Storage
4x WD Red Pro 6TB CMR in RAIDZ1