I'm talking about database FILES that a plugin creates. For example, the Playback Reporting plugin and newsletter plugin both create their own database files.
Your log doesn't fully print all the plugin log info, so I can't be sure what you've shared includes all your plugins.
I've seen situations where either the Playback Reporting or Kodi Sync Queue plugin databases were corrupt, but the Jellyfin databases were fine. But the plugin DB being corrupt would prevent the server as a whole from starting. Manually removing the offending plugin(s) would resolve the server startup problem, assuming that it was the plugin database that is corrupt.
Jellyfin 10.10.7 (Docker)
Ubuntu 24.04.2 LTS w/HWE
Intel i3 12100
Intel Arc A380
OS drive - SK Hynix P41 1TB
Storage
4x WD Red Pro 6TB CMR in RAIDZ1
First, do you have a backup of /config? If you do, make another copy of your existing /config folder and simply copy and paste the backup to where you've located /config.
Jellyfin 10.10.7 (Docker)
Ubuntu 24.04.2 LTS w/HWE
Intel i3 12100
Intel Arc A380
OS drive - SK Hynix P41 1TB
Storage
4x WD Red Pro 6TB CMR in RAIDZ1